Suchergebnisse

The role of women in the reportage of military operations against the Boko Haram insurgents and their portrayal in news reports were investigated in this study. Radical Feminist Theory and Feminist Muted Group Theory were used to elucidate the research. Using content analysis, online editions of four Nigerian newspapers―Daily Trust, Premium Times, The Nation, and Vanguard―from January 2014 to December 2016 were investigated to reveal how women were presented in news reports. Findings produced 185 news stories; women were included in 10 % of the total pictures used. Women made up 8 % of the bylines and 4% of the sources, with 59 % of the women mentioned in the news presented as kidnap and rescued victims. The study found an underrepresentation and misrepresentation of women in news reports, which were attributed to the male-dominated journalism field that preferred using their male sources to the detriment of issues affecting women. ; En este estudio se investigó el papel de las mujeres en la información sobre operaciones militares contra los insurgentes de Boko Haram y su representación en los informes de noticias. La teoría del feminismo radical y la teoría de grupos silenciados feministas se utilizaron para dilucidar la investigación. Mediante el análisis de contenido de las ediciones en línea de cuatro periódicos nigerianos: Daily Trust, Premium Times, The Nation, y Vanguard, de enero del 2014 a diciembre del 2016 fueron investigados para revelar cómo se presentaba a las mujeres en los informes de noticias. Los hallazgos produjeron 185 historias noticiosas; las mujeres se incluyeron en el 10 % del total de fotografías utilizadas. Las mujeres constituían el 8 % de los firmantes y el 4 % de las fuentes, con el 59 % de las mujeres mencionadas en las noticias presentadas como secuestradas y rescatadas. El estudio encontró una subrepresentación y tergiversación de las mujeres en los informes de noticias que se atribuyeron al campo del periodismo dominado por hombres que prefería usar sus fuentes masculinas en detrimento de los problemas que afectan a las mujeres. ; Este estudo pesquisou sobre 0 papel das mulheres nas reportagens sobre as operações militares contra os insurgentes de Boko Haram e a representação delas nas notícias. A Teoria do Feminismo Radical e a Teoria do Grupo Silenciado Feminista foram utilizadas para elucidar a pesquisa. Usando a análise de conteúdo, edições online de quatro jornais nigerianos; Daily Trust, Premium Times, The Nation e Vanguard, de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2016, foram investigados para revelar como as mulheres eram apresentadas nas reportagens. As descobertas produziram 185 notícias e as mulheres foram incluídas em 10% do total de fotos utilizadas. Elas representaram 8% das assinaturas e 4% das fontes, e 59% das mulheres mencionadas nas notícias foram apresentadas como vítimas de sequestro e resgatadas. O estudo encontrou uma sub-representação e deturpação das mulheres nas reportagens que foram atribuídas ao campo do jornalismo dominado pelos homens, que preferiam usar suas fontes masculinas em detrimento das questões que afetam as mulheres.

This study investigates the attacks on Nigerian journalists during the first half of President Mohammadu Buhari's civilian administration (2015-2017). Buhari had promised in his electioneering campaign to be a "converted democrat", implying that the new democratic rule would not take after his dictatorship of 1983 to 1985 when he harassed and jailed reporters as a military head of state. In spite of his government's recent press freedom claim, our findings show succinctly that no fewer than 38 newsmen and women were arrested or harassed and at least one killed by gunmen in the two-year period. Interestingly, none of the cases was linked directly to Buhari personally, unlike his term as a military dictator. Nevertheless, the cases of abuse recorded so far is an indication that his government should initiate actions that safeguard the social responsibility credential of journalists.

Since the 1950s the huge amount of archaeological research done in Africa has shown that Homo sapiens originally came from Africa rather than Western Eurasia as was previously thought. Nevertheless, some Western scholars retain a Eurocentric bias by suggesting that humans only became fully intelligent after they migrated out of Africa and settled in Europe where, during the 'Upper Palaeolithic Transition' around 45,000 years ago, there was an abrupt advance in human neural wiring. Their evidence is the relatively sudden change from Middle Palaeolithic to more advanced Upper Palaeolithic tools and the appearance of the spectacular figurative cave art of Europe. This mental revolution was initially believed to have occurred in 'Cro-Magnon Man' who lived in Europe and Western Eurasia 45,000-40,000 years ago and was considered to be the first human to have the cross-domain cognition and enhanced memory necessary for a sophisticated language and symbolic behaviour. In short, although after the 1950s archaeologists generally have acknowledged that prehistoric Africa was the cradle of mankind, some still insist that prehistoric Europe was the cradle of human intelligence. New research on the African Middle Stone Age (MSA), that itself goes back 300,000 years, is challenging this view. This paper provides some examples of symbolic, ritual and artistic behaviour, and indeed advanced tool making that took place during this period and up to around 60,000 years ago, long before the appearance of Cro-Magnon Man.